Effects of Instability Resistance Training on Physical and Cognitive
                    Function in Adults

Bruno Remígio Cavalcante; Ryan Stanley Falck; Dayane Tays Silva; Igor Rafael Andrade Campos; Mateus Santos Silva; Nils Eckardt; Gabriel Amorim Batista; Fabiano Moura Ferreira; André Luiz Torres Pirauá; Mariana Ferreira de Souza; Rodrigo Cappato de Araujo

doi:10.1055/a-2674-4030

International Journal of Sports Medicine, Table of Contents

Int J Sports Med
DOI: 10.1055/a-2674-4030

Review

Effects of Instability Resistance Training on Physical and Cognitive Function in Adults

Bruno Remígio Cavalcante

¹Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Vale do Sao Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil (Ringgold ID: RIN74373)

,

Ryan Stanley Falck

²School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Ringgold ID: RIN8166)

,

Dayane Tays Silva

³Physical Therapy, Universidade de Pernambuco - Campus Petrolina, Petrolina, Brazil (Ringgold ID: RIN117113)

,

Igor Rafael Andrade Campos

¹Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Vale do Sao Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil (Ringgold ID: RIN74373)

,

Mateus Santos Silva

¹Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Vale do Sao Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil (Ringgold ID: RIN74373)

,

Nils Eckardt

⁴Institute of Sport Science, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany (Ringgold ID: RIN26555)

,

Gabriel Amorim Batista

³Physical Therapy, Universidade de Pernambuco - Campus Petrolina, Petrolina, Brazil (Ringgold ID: RIN117113)

,

Fabiano Moura Ferreira

¹Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Vale do Sao Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil (Ringgold ID: RIN74373)

,

André Luiz Torres Pirauá

⁵Physical Education, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil (Ringgold ID: RIN67744)

,

Mariana Ferreira de Souza

¹Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Vale do Sao Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil (Ringgold ID: RIN74373)

,

Rodrigo Cappato de Araujo

³Physical Therapy, Universidade de Pernambuco - Campus Petrolina, Petrolina, Brazil (Ringgold ID: RIN117113)

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Resistance training is an effective strategy for combating geriatric syndromes, including frailty, sarcopenia, and cognitive impairment. Performing instability resistance training (IRT) (e.g., weight-bearing, machine-based, or free-weight exercises using unstable surfaces) may provide additional benefits on health outcomes in middle-aged and older adults. With this in mind, we examined the impact of IRT on physical and cognitive functioning (primary outcomes), fall risk, and quality of life (secondary outcomes). We searched three specific databases from inception to October 2024. We included peer-reviewed, randomized trials that analysed the effects of intervention on outcomes of interest among adults aged 50 years or older. Risk of bias and quality of reporting were ascertained using validated checklists. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis using robust variance estimation. 18 studies with participants from Brazil, Spain, Germany, and South Korea (n=528, %women: 35–100%) were included in the qualitative review, and 12 studies in the meta-analysis. We found that IRT had a medium-to-large-sized effect on physical and cognitive functioning. Studies had a high quality of reporting but presented significant heterogeneity and low-to-moderate risk of bias. Our findings suggest that IRT is a promising strategy for promoting physical and cognitive benefits in middle-aged and older adults.

Keywords

exercise training - rehabilitation - mobility - cognitive function - ageing

Full Text

References

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